Hyperkeratosis: What are calluses on the feet?
A foot callus is a form of hyperkeratosis, that is to say, a thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin. It manifests itself as a harder, drier and yellower area of skin than the rest of the foot. It is usually located on the heels, soles of the feet or toes, where the skin experiences the most friction and pressure.
Foot calluses are the result of a defence mechanism in the skin, which produces more keratin (the protein that makes up the stratum corneum) to protect itself from external irritants. They are not hazardous to health, but can be uncomfortable and unsightly.
Why do we have corns on our feet?
Foot calluses can have various causes, often related to repeated friction or pressure on the skin:
- Unsuitable shoes: whether they are too tight, too loose, too stiff or have high heels, they cause rubbing and pressure.
- Prolonged walking or sports: these activities put strain on the feet and increase pressure on the skin.
- Excessive moisture or perspiration: these soften the skin, making it more vulnerable to chafing.
- Ageing or skin conditions: these reduce the skin’s elasticity and moisture levels, causing it to thicken.
- Foot problems: calluses, claw toes or flat feet alter weight distribution, creating areas of excessive pressure.
Corns, calluses, callosities: What are the differences?
These different forms of thickening of the skin are caused by friction, pressure and maceration.
Corns, which appear on the toes, look like small, hard, cone-shaped patches of skin that are painful when pressed.
Calluses, on the other hand, are found on the sole of the foot. They are characterised by thick, rough skin without a central core.
Calluses are more extensive and diffuse. They affect different parts of the foot and can develop into cracks.
How to remove calluses from feet
There are several ways to get rid of calluses on your feet, depending on their size and location:
- A foot bath, which softens the skin and makes it easier to remove;
- Pumice stone or a file, which are used to remove the outer layers of keratin;
- The electric exfoliator, which exfoliates the skin;
- Keratolytic creams, which degrade keratin;
- Dressings containing a patch of keratolytic substances.
A podiatrist, a specialist in foot care, treats severe calluses, using specialised instruments to remove them painlessly. They may also prescribe orthopaedic insoles to correct the causes of calluses.
How can you prevent calluses from forming and keep your feet soft?
To prevent calluses from appearing on your feet, you need to take a few simple steps every day:
- Choose comfortable shoes that fit the shape and size of your feet, do not squeeze your toes or heel, and are made from breathable materials;
- Vary the types of shoes you wear, so as not to put strain on the same areas of the foot all the time, and avoid wearing high heels for long periods, as these increase pressure on the forefoot;
- Wear cotton socks, which absorb sweat and reduce friction, and change them regularly;
- Moisturise your feet every day using a specific cream that nourishes the skin and prevents it from drying out and thickening;
- Exfoliate your feet once a week using a gentle scrub, which removes dead skin cells and stimulates skin renewal;
- See a podiatrist at least once a year to have your feet checked and any problems treated.
The URGO product you need: URGO anti-callus cream
URGO anti-callus cream: quickly and permanently get rid of roughness and calluses on the feet
URGO callus cream is dedicated to the care of rough, callused feet. Its formula moisturises, softens and reduces calluses, whilst helping to prevent them. Designed for intensive local treatment over a 14-day period, this product features a precision applicator, allowing you to target the areas affected by calluses specifically.
